Measuring prescription opioid misuse and its consequences
نویسندگان
چکیده
Aims Prescription drug misuse in the USA increased during 1990s to 2010. The epidemic stimulated need new analytical strategies and techniques understand medications involved, user characteristics other factors needed address epidemic. Methods A strategy of mosaic surveillance has evolved. Using real world evidence, goal is paint a more complete profile drug's using triangulation—integrating results from multiple sources, where each approach unrelated sources bias. Results Research findings have been remarkably consistent across data sources. most commonly misused opioid medications: hydrocodone = oxycodone > methadone buprenorphine tramadol fentanyl (prescription form) morphine hydromorphone oxymorphone tapentadol. This rank order similar number prescriptions dispensed for product USA. In USA, prescription started decrease about 2011. Typically, drugs are together, particularly lethal cases. Immediate release formulations than extended formulations. introduction tamper resistant resist crushing were followed by those products. Conclusions rapid expansion prescribing was accompanied increasing mortality. Interventions such as monitoring programmes, law enforcement abuse deterrent decreases analgesics.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0306-5251', '1365-2125']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14791